| ls {base} | R Documentation |
ls and objects return a vector of character strings
giving the names of the objects in the specified environment.
When invoked with no argument at the top level prompt,
ls shows what data sets and functions a user has defined.
When invoked with no argument inside a function,
ls returns the names of the functions local variables.
This is useful in conjunction with browser.
ls(name, pos = -1, envir = as.environment(pos),
all.names = FALSE, pattern)
objects(name, pos= -1, envir = as.environment(pos),
all.names = FALSE, pattern)
name |
which environment to use in listing the available objects.
Defaults to the current
environment. Although called name for back compatibility, in
fact this argument can specify the environment in any form; see the
details section. |
pos |
An alternative argument to name for specifying the
environment as a position in the search list. Mostly there for
back compatibility. |
envir |
an alternative argument to name for specifying the
environment evaluation environment. Mostly there for back compatibility. |
all.names |
a logical value. If TRUE, all
object names are returned. If FALSE, names which begin with a
. are omitted. |
pattern |
an optional regular expression. Only names
matching pattern are returned. |
The name argument can specify the environment from which
object names are taken in one of several forms:
as an integer (the position in the search list); as
the character string name of an element in the search list; or as an
explicit environment (including using
sys.frame to access the currently active function calls).
By default, the environment of the call to ls or objects
is used. The pos and envir arguments are an alternative
way to specify an environment, but are primarily there for back
compatibility.
Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988) The New S Language. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.
ls.str for a long listing based on str.
apropos (or find)
for finding objects in the whole search path;
grep for more details on “regular expressions”;
class,
methods, etc., for
object-oriented programming.
.Ob <- 1
ls(pat="O")
ls(pat="O", all = TRUE) # also shows ".[foo]"
# shows an empty list because inside myfunc no variables are defined
myfunc <- function() {ls()}
myfunc()
# define a local variable inside myfunc
myfunc <- function() {y <- 1; ls()}
myfunc() # shows "y"