update.packages {utils} | R Documentation |
These functions can be used to automatically compare the version numbers of installed packages with the newest available version on the repositories and update outdated packages on the fly.
update.packages(lib.loc = NULL, repos = getOption("repos"), contriburl = contrib.url(repos, type), method, instlib = NULL, ask = TRUE, available = NULL, destdir = NULL, installWithVers = FALSE, checkBuilt = FALSE, type = getOption("pkgType")) available.packages(contriburl = contrib.url(getOption("repos")), method) old.packages(lib.loc = NULL, repos = getOption("repos"), contriburl = contrib.url(repos), method, available = NULL, checkBuilt = FALSE) new.packages(lib.loc = NULL, repos = getOption("repos"), contriburl = contrib.url(repos), method, available = NULL, ask = FALSE) download.packages(pkgs, destdir, available = NULL, repos = getOption("repos"), contriburl = contrib.url(repos, type), method, type = getOption("pkgType")) install.packages(pkgs, lib, repos = getOption("repos"), contriburl = contrib.url(repos, type), method, available = NULL, destdir = NULL, installWithVers = FALSE, dependencies = FALSE, type = getOption("pkgType")) contrib.url(repos, type = getOption("pkgType"))
lib.loc |
character vector describing the location of R library trees to search through (and update packages therein). |
repos |
character vector, the base URL(s) of the repositories
to use, i.e., the URL of the CRAN master such as
"http://cran.r-project.org" or its Statlib mirror,
"http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/R/CRAN" .
Can be NULL to install from local ‘.tar.gz’ files.
|
contriburl |
URL(s) of the contrib section of the
repositories. Use this argument only if your CRAN mirror is
incomplete, e.g., because you burned only the ‘contrib’ section on a
CD. Overrides argument repos .
Can be NULL to install from local ‘.tar.gz’ files.
|
method |
Download method, see download.file . |
pkgs |
character vector of the short names of packages/bundles whose
current versions should be downloaded from the repositories.
If repos = NULL , a character vector of file paths of
‘.tar.gz’ files. These can be source archives or binary
package/bundle archive files (as created by R CMD build --binary ).
If this is a zero-length character vector, a listbox of available
packages (including those contained in bundles) is presented where
possible.
|
destdir |
directory where downloaded packages are stored. |
available |
an object listing packages available at the repositories
as returned by available.packages . |
lib |
character vector giving the library directories where to install the packages. Recycled as needed. |
ask |
logical indicating whether to ask user before packages
are actually downloaded and installed, or the character string
"graphics" , which brings up a widget to allow the user to
(de-)select from the list of packages which could be updated. The
latter only works on systems with a GUI version of
select.list , and is otherwise equivalent to ask
= TRUE .
|
installWithVers |
If TRUE , will invoke the install of the
package such that it can be referenced by package version. |
checkBuilt |
If TRUE , a package built under an earlier
minor version of R is considered to be ‘old’. |
instlib |
character string giving the library directory where to install the packages. |
dependencies |
logical indicating to also install uninstalled
packages on which these packages depend/suggest/import
(and so on recursively). Not used if repos = NULL .
Can also be a character vector, a subset of
c("Depends", "Imports", "Suggests") .
|
type |
character, indicating the type of package to download and
install.
Possible values are "source" (the default except under the
CRAN Mac OS X build), "mac.binary" and "win.binary"
(which can be downloaded but not installed).
|
All of these functions work with the names of a package or bundle (and
not the component packages of a bundle, except for
install.packages
if the repository provides the necessary
information).
available.packages
returns a matrix of details corresponding to
packages/bundles currently available at one or more repositories. The
current list of packages is downloaded over the internet (or copied
from a local mirror). It returns only packages whose version
requirements are met by the running version of R.
old.packages
compares the information from
available.packages
with that from
installed.packages
and reports installed
packages/bundles that have newer versions on the repositories or, if
checkBuilt = TRUE
, that were built under an earlier minor
version of R (for example built under 2.0.x when running R 2.1.1).
new.packages
does the same comparison but reports uninstalled
packages/bundles that are available at the repositories. It will also
give warnings about incompletely installed bundles (provided the
information is available) and bundles whose contents has changed.
If ask != FALSE
it asks which packages should be installed
in the first element of lib.loc
.
download.packages
takes a list of package/bundle names and a
destination directory, downloads the newest versions and saves them in
destdir
. If the list of available packages is not given as
argument, it is obtained from repositories. If a repository is local,
i.e., the URL starts with "file:"
, then the packages are not
downloaded but used directly. (Both "file:"
and
"file:///"
are allowed as prefixes to a file path, the latter
for an absolute file path.)
The main function of the set is update.packages
. First a list
of all packages/bundles found in lib.loc
is created and
compared with those available at the repostories. If ask =
TRUE
(the default) packages/bundles with a newer version are
reported and for each one the user can specify if it should be
updated.
If so, the package sources are downloaded from the repositories and
installed in the respective library path (or instlib
if specified) using the R INSTALL
mechanism.
install.packages
can be used to install new packages/bundles.
It takes a vector of names and a destination library, downloads the
packages from the repositories and installs them. (If the library is
omitted it defaults to the first directory in .libPaths()
, with
a warning if there is more than one.)
An attempt is made to install the packages in an order that respects
their dependencies. This does assume that all the entries in
lib
are on the default library path for installs (set by
R_LIBS
).
contrib.url
adds the appropriate type-specific path within a
repository to each URL in repos
.
For install.packages
and update.packages
, destdir
is the directory to which packages will be downloaded. If it is
NULL
(the default) a directory downloaded_packages
of
the session temporary directory will be used (and the files will be
deleted at the end of the session).
If repos
or contriburl
is a vector of length greater than
one, the newest version of the package is fetched from the first
repository on the list within which it is found.
For available.packages
, a matrix
with one row per package/bundle, row names the package names and
column names "Package"
, "Version"
, "Priority"
,
"Bundle"
, "Depends"
, "Imports"
, "Suggests"
"Contains"
and "Repository"
.
For old.packages
, NULL
or a matrix with one row per
package/bundle, row names the package names and column names
"Package"
, "LibPath"
, "Installed"
(the version),
"Built"
(the version built under), "ReposVer"
and
"Repository"
.
For new.packages
a character vector of package/bundle names,
after any have been installed.
For download.packages
, a two-column matrix of names and
destination file names, for those packages/bundles successfully
downloaded. If packages are not available or there is a problem with
the download, suitable warnings are given.
install.packages
and update.packages
have no return value.
Not enough information is recorded to know if a bundle is completely installed, so a bundle is regarded as installed if any of its component packages is.
Some binary distributions of R have INSTALL
in a separate
bundle, e.g. an R-devel
RPM. install.packages
will
give an error if called on such a system.
See download.file
for how to handle proxies and
other options to monitor file transfers.
INSTALL
, REMOVE
,
library
, .packages
, read.dcf