| head {utils} | R Documentation |
Returns the first or last parts of a vector, matrix, data frame or function.
head(x, ...) ## Default S3 method: head(x, n = 6, ...) ## S3 method for class 'data.frame': head(x, n = 6, ...) ## S3 method for class 'matrix': head(x, n = 6, ...) tail(x, ...) ## Default S3 method: tail(x, n = 6, ...) ## S3 method for class 'data.frame': tail(x, n = 6, ...) ## S3 method for class 'matrix': tail(x, n = 6, addrownums = TRUE, ...)
x |
an object |
n |
size for the resulting object: number of elements for a vector (including lists), rows for a matrix or data frame or lines for a function. |
addrownums |
if there are no row names, create them from the row numbers. |
... |
arguments to be passed to or from other methods. |
For matrices and data frames, the first/last n rows are returned.
For functions, the first/last n lines of the deparsed function are
returned as character strings.
If a matrix has no row names, then tail() will add row names of
the form "[n,]" to the result, so that it looks similar to the last lines of x
when printed. Setting addrownums = FALSE suppresses this behaviour.
An object (usually) like x but generally smaller.
Patrick Burns, improved and corrected by R-Core
head(freeny.x, n = 10) head(freeny.y) tail(freeny.x) tail(freeny.y) tail(library)